又如:
(1)Where do you guess he lives?
(2)What do you think he is doing now?
14、happen指偶然的發(fā)生;
take place用于計劃好的事情或自然的發(fā)生;
break out(指戰(zhàn)爭、災難、疾病等)爆發(fā)。
15、neighborhood: (1)臨近、附近 (2)街坊、小區(qū)、地區(qū)
16、raise [reiz] vt.及物動詞 舉起、提高 Rise [raIz] vi.(不及物動詞)上升
二、短語:
1、be long to屬于 11、wear a suit穿西裝
2、listen to classical music聽古典音樂 12、make a movie拍電影
3、at school上學、求學、在學校 13、in our neighborhood在我們附近、在我們小區(qū)
4、go to the concert去聽音樂會 14、have fun玩耍、取鬧
5、have any/some idea知道 have no idea不知道15、his or her own idea她(他)自己的看法
6、a math test on algebra有關代數(shù)的數(shù)學考試 16、late night深夜
7、the final exam期末考試 17、an ocean of許許多多、無窮無盡的
8、because of因為 18、be care of=look out當心、小心
9、a present for his mother送給她媽媽的禮物 19、pretend to do sth假裝干…
10、run for exercise跑步鍛煉 20、use up用完、用光
三、句子:
1、If you have any idea where might be please call me.如果你知道它可能在哪,請打電話給我。
2、It’s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30%to the final exam.
關鍵是我必須學,因為它占期末考試的30%。
3、What do you think “anxious” means?你認為“anxious”是什么意思?
4、He could be running for exercise.他可能是跑步鍛煉身體。
5、He might be running to catch a bus.他可能是在跑著趕公共汽車。
6、Why do you think the man is running?你覺得那個男的為什么跑?
7、No more mystery in Bell Tower neighborhood.鐘塔附近不再有神秘的事了。
8、One finger can’t left a small stone.獨木難支。
9、When an ant says“ocean”,he is talking about a small pool.井底之蛙。
10、It is less of a problem to be poor than to be dishonest.寧窮勿賤。
11、Be careful of the person who does not talk, and the dog that does not bark.
明搶易擋,暗箭難防。
12、You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.真人不露相。
13、Tell me and I’ll forget. Show me, and I may not remember. Let me try, and I’ll understand.有親身體驗才能明白其中的道理。
14、Don’t let yesterday use up too much of today.過去的就讓它過去吧。
15、He who would do great things should not attempt them all along.
一個好漢三個幫。
Unit 6
一、 知識點
1.prefer v.更喜愛,更喜歡,相當于like……better,其過去式、過去分詞為preferred,常用于以下結構:
(1)prefer+名詞、代詞I preferred music. Which do you prefer?
(2)prefer+動詞不定式“寧愿干……”She prefers to live among the working people.
(3) prefer+v-ing I prefer living abroad.
(4)prefer+動詞不定式復合結構:
常見的搭配有:
① prefer……to……喜歡……而不喜歡……(to為介詞)
She prefers apples to bananas.
② prefer doing to doing(to為介詞)
He prefers running to walking.
③ prefer to do …… rather than do sth.寧愿干……而不愿干……
They prefer to play games rather than watch TV.
2.gentle:①輕柔,溫和(往往指音樂、嗓音或風)
②溫柔的,文雅的(往往指人的性格)
3.remind……of……使某人回想起或意識到某人、某事
She reminded me of her sister.
The pictures remind me of my school days.
4.表示“也”的用法:
also 用在句中,too 用在句末,as well 多用于口語,用在句末,這三個表達都用在肯定句。either “也” 用在否定句尾
5. What do you think of …?
=How do you like…?
6.as 的用法:
①用作連詞“按照”
Please do it again as I told you.
②連詞,當……的時候,著重強調(diào)兩個動詞同時發(fā)生
She sang as she worked.
③ 表示原因,“因為,由于”比較口語化,語氣也較弱,所表示的原因比較明顯。
As I didn’t know the way, I asked the policeman.
④as…as… 和……一樣
7.over the years多年來 ,往往與現(xiàn)在完成時連用
8.though 不做副詞“可是,不過,然而”放在句尾
9. be sure of +n. / pron. /短語
be sure that 從句 }相信,對……有把握
be sure to do 務必……一定……
make sure 確保,核實,查收,弄清楚
10.one of the+最高級+復數(shù)名詞,最……之一
11.過去分詞作定語,表示被動或完成
12. on display=on show
13.interest:①n.興趣,趣味;②v.使感興趣
He interested me in football.他使我對足球感興趣。
I’ve got a lot of books that might interest you.我有許多可能使你感興趣的書。
14.class 等級,級別,階級
15. whatever=no matter what
16.suggest:①建議,后跟賓語從句,用虛擬語氣;
②表示,暗示,后跟賓語從句,不用虛擬語氣。
17. energy (n.)=energetic (adj.)
18.honest 該詞是元音發(fā)音開頭,前面的不定冠詞用“an”.
19.先行詞若為地點或時間時,后面的關系詞用關系代詞還是關系副詞,要看關系詞在定語從句中作什么成分。若關系詞作定語從句的主語、賓語或定語,用關系代詞;若關系詞作狀語,則用關系副詞。
二.短語
1.expect to do sth.期望干……
expect sb. to do sth期望某人干…… 2.catch up with追上,趕上
3.different kinds of music各種不同的音樂
4.quiet and gentle songs輕柔的歌曲 5. take…to… 帶……到……
6. remind…of…使某人想起或意識到…… 7.her own songs她自己的歌曲
8.be important to對……重要 9.Yellow River黃河
10.Hong Tao’s latest movie洪濤最近的電影 11.over the years多年來
12.be sure to do sth.務必干……一定干……
13.one of the best known Chinese photographers世界上最有名的中國攝影家之一
14.on display展覽,展出 15.come and go來來往往
16.can’t stand不能忍受 17.look for尋找
18.feel sick感到惡心,不舒服 19.have a great time玩得高興,過得愉快
20.to be honest說實話 21.be lucky to do幸運的是……
22.my six-month English course我6個月的英語課
23.most of my friends我的大部分朋友 24.go for去找某人,想法得到某事物
25.stay healthy保持健康 26.French fries薯條
27.stay away from與……保持距離
28.be in agreement意見一致(后跟短語、句子)
29.barbecued meat烤肉 30.a tag question反意疑問句
31.be bad for對……有害
三.句子
1.I love singers who write their own music.我喜歡自己創(chuàng)作曲子的歌手。
2.We prefer music that has great lyrics.我們更喜歡歌詞很棒的曲子。
3.What do you dislike about this CD.你不喜歡這張CD的什么?
4.What does it remind you of?它使你想起了什么?
5.The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music.這首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。
6.It does have a few good features, though.然而,它的確也有一些好的方面。
7.She really has something for everyone.每個人的確都能從她的作品中領悟到一些東西。
8.Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition.無論怎樣,你都不能錯過這次展出。
9.As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.正如樂隊名字所暗示的那樣,這支樂隊很有活力。
10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great.
11.If I were you, I’d eat nuts instead.如果我是你,我會改吃堅果。
Unit 7
一、知識點:
1.Would like sth 想要某東西
to do sth 想要干…
sb to do sth 想要××干
2.through 穿過 含有“in”的意思 across 橫過 含有“on”的意思
3、expect to do sth / sb to do sth / that 從句(不用虛擬語氣)
Wish to do sth / sb to do sth / that 從句(用虛擬語氣)
Hope to do / that 從句(不用虛擬語氣)
(沒有hope sb to do sth結構)
4. light a.可數(shù)名詞,燈 b. 不可數(shù)名詞,光線、日光
c.形容詞,輕的,明亮的,淺色的
d.及物動詞 點燃 照亮 (過去式,過去分詞lit,lit 或lighted ,lighted)
5.Some day=someday 只指將來某一天
one day 既可指將來某一天,也可指過去某一天。
6.Plan 計劃打算(1) plan to do sth
We are planning to visit London this summer /Do plan to stay late?
(2) 跟名詞或者代詞 Have you planned your trip?
We have been planning this visit for months.
(3) plan for 為…做計劃He planned for a picnic if the next day were fine.
(4) plan on 打算有(做某事)She had not planned on so many guests.
They are planning on an/for an outing.
7.I’d like to go somewhere relaxing.
Somewhere 在本句中有雙重性,對go 來說是副詞,對relaxing 來說是不定代詞。
8.Consider 考慮,認為
后面只跟動詞,動詞用“ing”形式
9.else 用在特殊疑問詞及不定代詞的后面,other 用在名詞前,兩者都是“別的,其他的”的意思
10.in 在范圍之內(nèi)的某方位。to范圍之外的某方位。on在兩地邊界接壤的某方位。
11.mind介意 mind doing sth; mind one’s doing sth.
12.any用在肯定句中,“任一”
13.so that引的狀語從句,“以便,為了”,從句往往有can/may/will/could/might/would等情態(tài)動詞。
So …that…如此…以至于that …引導結果狀語從句。
14.Continue to do sth 繼續(xù)干另外一件事。
Continue doing sth 繼續(xù)干同一件事
15.在英語中,有although 不能有but;有because 不能有so
16.強調(diào)句型:It is(was)…that (who ,whom)…
(1) 強調(diào)句型可用來強調(diào)各種句子成分
(2) 強調(diào)句中的連詞who,whom只用來指代人,that 即可以指代人也可以指代物被強調(diào)部分是時間,地點等仍用that
(3)that,whom, who 后的句中的謂語與原句保持一致
(4)強調(diào)句中只有it is ,it was 兩種時態(tài)形式,
如:I am right ------It is I who(that) am right.
又如:They will have a meeting tomorrow.
It is they who(that) will have a meeting tomorrow.
It′s a meeting that they will have tomorrow.
It′s tomorrow that they will have a meeting.
二 短語
1.go on vacation 去度假 2.trek through the jungle 徒步穿越叢林
3.some day 有朝一日 4.one of the liveliest cities 最有活力的城市之一
5.be supposed to do sth. 應該干。 6.pack light clothes 穿薄衣服
7.take a trip 去旅行
8.provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 為了某人提供某物
9.be away 離開,遠離 10.the answer to the question 問題的答案
11.according to 根據(jù)。按照。 12.work as tour guides 做導游的工作
13.dream of 夢想,想到 14.less realistic dreams 不現(xiàn)實的夢想
15.be willing to do sth. 愿意干。16.achieve one’s dreams 實現(xiàn)夢想
17.sail across the pacific 橫渡太平洋18.hold on to 保持,不要放棄(賣掉)
19.take it easy 從容 輕松 不緊張 20.Niagara Falls 尼亞加拉大瀑布
21.Eiffel Tower 艾菲爾鐵塔 22.Notre Dame Cathedral 巴黎圣母院
23.this time of year 一年中的這個時候
24.in general 通常 ,大體上, 一般而言
三 句子
1.where would you like to go on vacation?
I’d like to trek through the jungle.
2.l like places where the weather is always warm.
3.I like to go somewhere relaxing 我喜歡去休閑的地方
4.For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris?
你下次度假為什么不考慮去巴黎?
5.Traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money.
乘坐出租車游覽巴黎要花費很多錢
6.So unless you speak French yourself, it’s best to travel with someone who can translate things for you.
因此,除非你自己會講法語,否則最好與一個能為你翻譯的人一起去。
7. We’d like to be away for three weeks.
我們大約要去三個星期.
8.The person has a lot of money to spend on the vacation.
度假中這個人有很多錢可以花.
9.I hope you can provide me with some information about the kinds of vacations that your firm can offer
我希望能給我提供一些貴公司能經(jīng)營的旅游項目的信息.
10.Could you please give me some suggestions for vacation spots?
你能給我一些有關度假地的建議嗎?
11.You need to pack some warm clothes if you go there.
你如果去那里,需要帶一些暖和的衣服。
12.I’d love to sail across the Pacific.
我想橫渡太平洋。
Unit 8
一.知識點
1.動詞+副詞構成的短語,代詞做賓語只能放在中間,名詞做賓語可中可后。
如: clean up ; give out ; cheer up ; put up ; write down ; hand out ; call up ; set up ; fix up ; give away ; work out
2.could 表示建議,比can婉轉。
3.put off +v-ing
4.put up 舉起,懸掛,張貼。
5.Not only … but also … 不僅…而且… 強調(diào)后者
此結構用來連接主語時,謂語動詞按照就近原則,在人稱與數(shù)上與but also后的名詞、代詞保持一致。
例:Not also ZhouXia, but also her parents are fond of watching football matches.
此結構可用來連接兩個句子,當not only連接的句子位于句首時,該句要部分倒裝。
例:Not only does Miss Li like music,but also she likes sports.李小姐不但喜歡音樂,還喜歡體育
Not only did he come,but also he was very happy.他不但來了,而且還很高興。
6.coach ①名詞 長途公共汽車、四輪大馬車,(運動員的)教練,私人教師。
②動詞 輔導,訓練
7.major ① adj. 重要的,主要的 ② n. 專業(yè),專業(yè)學生
He is a history major. = He chose history as his major.他是主修歷史的學生
vi. 主修,專攻。 He majors in physics. 他主修物理學。
8.volunteer ①可數(shù)名詞 “志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的
vi. volunteer to do sth
They are the Chinese People’s Volunteers. 他們是中國人民志愿軍。
I volunteer to help you. 我自愿幫助你。
9.no longer = not … any longer 指時間上不再延續(xù)。
no more = not … any more 指動作上不再延續(xù)。
10.run out 與 run out of
①run out (become used up). 其主語往往為物。如時間,食物,金錢,油等,本
身就含有被動意義。
His money soon ran out. 他的錢很快就花光了。
My patience has completely run out. 我沒有一點耐心了。
Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時間不多了。
②run out of 主語為人,表示主動含義。
He is always running out of money before pay day. 他總是在發(fā)工資的日子還沒有到就把錢花完了。
兩者在一定條件下可以互換
如:The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了
= We are running out of petrol. 我們快把汽油用完了。
Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時間不多了。
= We are running out of time
11.work out v. + adj.
①結局,結果為
The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的這個策略
效果很好。
②算出,制訂出,消耗完(精力等)
He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永遠不會疲乏似的。
He worked out a plan. 他制訂了一個計劃。
I have worked out our total expenses. 我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費用。
12.homeless 無家可歸的
13.donate v. donation n. 捐贈
二.短語
1.clean up 清掃 2.give out 分發(fā),發(fā)放
3.cheer up=make…h(huán)appier 使...高興,使...振作
4.after school study program 課外學習班
5.come up with=think up 提出,想出 6.put off 推遲
7.write down 寫下,記下 8.put up 張貼
9.hand out 分發(fā),發(fā)放 10.call up 打電話
11.ser up=establish 建立 12.be home to sb 是某人的家園
13.volunteer one’s time to do sth 自愿花時間干...
14.put…to use… 把...投入使用 15.elementary school 小學
16.plan to do sth 計劃干...打算干
17.coach a football team for kids 訓練少年足球隊
18.start a Chinese History club 開辦一個中國史俱樂部
19.run out of 用完,耗盡 20.take after 在性格或長相方面與父母相象
21.fix up 修理 22.give away 捐贈 23.be similar to 與...相似
24.ask for 索要 25.a call-in center for parents 家長熱線
26.hang out 閑蕩
27.put up signs asking for singing jobs 張貼尋求唱歌工作的廣告
28.run out of money for singing lessons 學唱歌的錢用完了
29.disabled people 殘疾人 30.for sure 確實如此,毫無疑問
31.fill…with... 用...填充... be full of 裝滿了...
32.help...out 幫助...做事,解決難題(擺脫困境)
33.a specially trained dog 一只經(jīng)過特殊訓練的狗
34.train sb to do sth 訓練某人干... 35.fetch my book 把我的書拿來
36.part of speech 詞性
三.句子
1.We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. 我們不能推遲制訂計劃,清潔日離現(xiàn)在只有兩周了。
2.She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在當?shù)氐囊凰W的課后輔導中心工作,使這個愛好得到較好的利用
3.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 幫助別人不但自己感到快樂,而且我開始花時間做自己喜歡做的事了。
4.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. 這三個學生計劃在他們校開展一個學生志愿者項目。
5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes. 他還貼了一些需求舊自行車的廣告。
6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 幾米想出的這個辦法很有效。
7.He did a radio interview. 他接受了電臺的采訪。
8.We need to come up with a plan. 我們需要指定一個計劃。
9.You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以幫助打掃城市公園。
10.He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who don’t have bikes. 他現(xiàn)在有16輛要修理的自行車,并準備把這些修好的自行車贈送給那些沒有自行車的孩子。
Unit 9 必背內(nèi)容
重點詞組
1. be used for 用來做……
2. be invented by 由(某人)發(fā)明
3. light bulb 電燈泡
4. microwave oven 微波爐
5. by mistake 錯誤地
6. in the end 最終;最后
7. salty enough 足夠咸
8. by accident 偶然;意外
9. not…until… 直到……才……
10. according to 根據(jù);按照
11. fall into 落入;陷入
12. in this way 這樣
13. flying disk 飛碟
14. knock into 撞上(某人)
15. fall down 倒下;摔倒
16. divide…into… 把……分成……
重點句型
1. Who was the telephone invented by? It was invented by Bell.
電話是誰發(fā)明的? 電話是貝爾發(fā)明的。
2. When were electric slippers invented? They were invented last year.
電拖鞋是什么時候被發(fā)明的? 它們是去年被發(fā)明的。
3. What are they used for?
它們是用來做什么的?
4. They are used for seeing in the dark.
它們是用來在黑暗中看東西的。
5. Tea wasn’t brought to the Western world until 1610.
直到1610年茶才被帶到西方世界。
6. I prefer lemons to oranges. I like the sour taste.
我喜歡檸檬勝過橙子。我喜歡酸味。
Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left
重點詞組(Key phrases)
1.by the time 到…時候為止
2.get outside 到外邊
3.get to school 到學校
4.get up 起床
5.get into the shower 去洗澡
6.get home 到家
7.start doing / to do sth 開始做某事
8.be late for 遲到
9.go off (鬧鐘)鬧響
10.wake up 醒來
11.come out 出來,出現(xiàn)
12.run off 迅速離開,跑掉
13.on time 準時
14.in time 及時
15.come by (走)過來
16.give sb a ride 讓某人搭車
17.break down 損壞,壞掉
18.show up 出席,露面
19.stay up 熬夜
20.a(chǎn) costume party 一個化裝舞會
21.sth happen to sb 某事發(fā)生在某人身上
22.so …that … 如此…以至于
23.set off 出發(fā),開始
24.April Fool's Day 愚人節(jié)
25.get married 結婚
26.marry sb 與某人結婚
27.both …and … 二者…都…
28.get dressed 穿好衣服
29.on the first day 在第一天
語法重點(Grammar Focus)
1.Past perfect Tense 過去完成時
構成:had+過去分詞(had沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化)
過去完成時可以表示過去某一時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。也就是說發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。既然過去完成時的動作發(fā)生在過去某一時間之前,那么,使用過去完成時就必須先有這樣一個過去的時間。
eg.I had finished my homework before supper.
我在晚飯前把作業(yè)做完了。
2.when 和by the time引導的時間狀語從句
by the time 到……時候為止,指從過去某一點到,從句所示的時間為止,這一時間段。when當……時候,指過去的某一時間點。從句用一般現(xiàn)在時,主句為過去完成時。
eg.By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom.
到她起床的時候,她的弟弟已經(jīng)去洗澡間了。
When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home
當她到學校的時候,她意識到她把書包放在家里了。
(在這句話中,過去的時間點為“到!钡臅r候,“她把書包放在家里”則發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。)
疑難解析(Key Points)
1.get to 意為“到達”。例如:
When did you get there last night?
你昨晚什么時候到那兒的?
I get home at 7:00 every day.
我每天7:00到家。
When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.
我到電影院時,電影已經(jīng)開始了。
辨析:get, arrive與reach
這三個詞都可以用來表示“到達”,但是用法不同。
(1)get和arrive都是不及物動詞,其后只能跟表示地點的副詞,若是跟名詞則須再加介詞,即get to +地點名詞,arrive in / at +地點名詞(in 之后跟表示大地方的詞,at之后跟表示小地方的詞)。若是只說“到達”,而不指出到達哪里,則只能用arrive。例如:
How did you get / arrive there?
你怎么到那兒的?
I got to / arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday.
我前天到的北京。
When do you often get to / arrive at school?
你經(jīng)常什么時候到校?
When will you arrive?
你什么時候到?
(2)reach為及物動詞,其后既可跟名詞也可跟副詞。例如:
I reached Beijing the day before yesterday.
我前天到的北京。
We reached here on foot.
我們步行到這兒的。
2.關于get的詞組小結
在本單元出現(xiàn)大量關于get的詞組,要注意背誦:
get to school 到學校
get into the shower 去洗澡
get outside 到外邊
get home 到家
get up 起床
get married 結婚
get dressed 穿好衣服
get to class 到班級
get bored 變得無聊
get tired 變得疲勞
3.I've never been late for school, but yesterday I came very close
我上學從未遲到過,但是昨天差一點兒就遲到了。
(1)I've 是I have的縮寫,have been late是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),現(xiàn)在完成時是指一個動作或狀態(tài)開始于過去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并可能繼續(xù)下去,而且對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了一定的影響,其構成是have / has+動詞過去分詞。例如:
I have been here since 1999.
自1999年以來我就在這兒。
We have lived in Jinan for 20 years.
我們已經(jīng)在濟南住了20年了。
She hasn't worked for 2 years.
她已2年不工作了。
(2)be late for 意為“……遲到”,for為介詞,所以其后須跟名詞。例如:
Don't be late for the meeting.
開會別遲到了。
Jim was late for school again.
吉姆上學又遲到了。
Tom has been late for classes twice.
湯姆上課已經(jīng)遲到兩次了。
(3)close在此為副詞“接近地,靠近地”。此外came very close意為“到時與遲到很接近”。
4.My alarm clock didn't go off, … 鬧鐘沒有大響……
go off 意為“爆發(fā),大響”。例如:
Although the alarm clock went off, he didn't wake up.雖然鬧鐘大響,但是他還是沒有醒來。
與go有關的詞組還有:
(1)go in for“參加”(競賽、考試);(作為嗜好、工作)“愛好”。例如:
She goes in for bird-watching.她愛好賞鳥。
(2)go on“進行,繼續(xù)”。例如:
Please go on.請繼續(xù)。
(3)go on doing sth 或go on with sth“繼續(xù)做……”。例如:
He went on working without having a rest.
他一直工作,沒停下來休息過。
(4)go over“調(diào)查,視察;越過”。例如:
You must go over your lessons before the exam.
考試前你必須復習。
5.…and I had to wait for him to come out.……我不得不等他出來。
(1)have to 意為“必須,不得不”。例如:
Do you have to take the test?
你必須考試嗎?
Tom has to practice speaking Chinese every day.
湯姆每天必須練習講漢語。
辨析:have to 與must
這兩個詞都可以表示“必須”。have to 更加強調(diào)客觀原因,而must則強調(diào)主觀原因;含有have to 的句子在作句型轉換時須借助于助動詞do,does或did,而must本身是情態(tài)動詞,進行句型轉換時可以直接通過must改變。例如:
It is raining, we have to stay at home.
天在下雨,我們不得不待在家里。
We must work hard.
我們必須努力工作。
Lucy doesn't have to stand.
露茜不必站著。
You mustn't play in the street.
你不能在街道上玩。
(2)wait 是不及物動詞“等待,等候”的意思。可以用于詞組wait for sb.“等某人”,wait to do sth.“等著做某事”,wait for sb to do sth.“等某人做某事”。例如:
Who are you waiting for?
你在等誰?
They can't wait to open the presents.
他們迫不及待地打開禮物。
You can wait for him to help you.
你可以等著他幫你。
6.Unfortunately, by the time I got there, the bus had already left.
不幸的是,我到那兒的時候,公交車已經(jīng)走了。
unfortunately 是副詞“不幸地”,是由fortunately加否定前綴“un”構成的。英語中有一部分詞在詞首或詞尾加上前綴或后綴就可以變成另外一個詞。如:lucky(幸運的)-unlucky(不幸的),use(用)-useful(有用的),forget(忘記)-forgetful(健忘的),un作前綴表示“not”的含義,即“un”是一個否定前綴。例如:fit(合適的)-unfit(不合適的),fair (公平的)-unfair(不公平的),known(聞名的)-unknown(不聞名的)等。
7.Luckily, my friend Tony and his Dad came by in his Dad's car and they gave me a ride.
幸運的是,我的朋友托尼和他爸爸坐著他爸爸的車經(jīng)過,他們讓我搭了個便車。
(1)come by 意為“經(jīng)過,走過;獲得,獲有”。例如:
Please let the car come by.
請讓車過去。
Good jobs are not easy to come by.
好工作不容易找到。
與come有關的其他詞組:
<1>come out”出來;開花;出版”。例如:
The moon has come out.
月亮出來了。
It's too cold for the flowers to come out.
天太冷了,花不開了。
<2>come about”發(fā)生,產(chǎn)生”。例如:
Tell me how the accident came about.
告訴我事情是怎么發(fā)生的。
<3>come across“(偶然)發(fā)現(xiàn)……,遇見……”。例如:
I came across his name on the list.
我無意中在名單上發(fā)現(xiàn)他的名字。
<4>come after”繼……之后,接……而來”。例如:
Sunday comes after Saturday.
星期天在星期六之后。
<5>come back”回來”。例如:
When did he come back?
他什么時候回來的?
<6>come to oneself”蘇醒,醒過來”。例如:
At last, he came to himself.
最后他醒了。
<7>come from”來自”。例如:
Julia comes from Australia.
朱莉婭來自澳大利亞。
(2)give sb a ride 意為“讓某人搭便車”。ride在此為名詞“搭車,乘車”的意思。get a ride 意為“搭便車”。例如:
Can you give me a ride, Jack?
杰克,能讓我搭個便車嗎?
I want to get a ride.
我想搭個便車。
8.I only just made it to my class.我恰好到教室。
make it 意為“成功了,做成了”。這里指的是沒有遲到,準時到達。例如:
-Have you got the job?
-你得到那份工作了嗎?
-Yes, I made it.
-是的,我成功了。
9.Have you ever forgotten to bring your homework to school?
你曾忘了把作業(yè)帶到學校嗎?
(1)辨析:forget to do 與forget doing
forget to do 指的是“忘了去做……”,即該事還未做;而forget doing 則指“忘了做了……”,即該事已經(jīng)做完。例如:
Don't forget to turn off lights when you go out.
出去時別忘了關燈。
Sorry, I forgot to bring the books again.
對不起,我又忘了帶書來了。
Lucy forgot locking the door.
露茜忘了已鎖了門了。
Tom forgot turning off TV.
湯姆忘了關了電視了。
(2)辨析:bring, take
bring 意為“把……拿來,取來”。即把某物從別處拿到說話者所在地;take 意為“把……拿走,取走”,即把某物從說話者所在地拿到別處。例如:
Please bring my English book here.
請把我的英語書拿到這兒來。
You can't take these magazines home.
你不能把這些雜志拿回家。
10.What happened to David on April Fool's Day?
愚人節(jié)那天,大衛(wèi)出什么事了嗎?
(1)happen to sb 意為“某人怎么了,發(fā)生在某人身上”。例如:
What happened to you?
你怎么了?
What happened to Jim?
吉姆出什么事了?
(2)英語中表示節(jié)日時須注意以下幾點:
<1>表示“在……節(jié)”用介詞on;
<2>表示節(jié)日的每個詞的首字母大寫;
<3>用day來表示“節(jié)”,且無冠詞;
<4>一般用復數(shù)名詞的所有格,如:Teachers' Day 教師節(jié),Children's Day 兒童節(jié),Women's Day 婦女節(jié)等;但也有用單數(shù)名詞所有格的,如:Mother's Day 母親節(jié),F(xiàn)ather's Day 父親節(jié)等。例如:
Do you often go to parks on Children's Day?
你們兒童節(jié)經(jīng)常去公園嗎?
What do you usually do on New Year's Day?
新年你們通常干什么?
Do your friends play jokes on you on April Fool's Day?
你的朋友愚人節(jié)跟你開玩笑嗎?
11.Welles was so convincing that hundreds of people believed the story, and panic set off across the whole country.
Welles 是如此地讓人信任,以致于成百上千的人都相信了這個故事,進而激起了全國性的恐慌。
(1)So …that…句型中,so后面應加一個形容詞或副詞,意為“如此……以至于……”
eg.This book is so interesting that everyone in our class wants to read it.
這本書是如此的有趣以至于全班同學都想看看。(so+形容詞)
He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him.
他跑得那么快,以致于我跟不上他。(so+副詞)
So…that引導的是表示結果的狀語從句,但不“一定要死套”“如此……以至于”的模式來譯成漢語。
eg.It was so dark that he couldn't see the faces of his companions.
天太黑了,他不能看見同伴的臉。
(2)so that 主要用來引導目的狀語從句。其從句中的謂語動詞通常和can,may,should等情態(tài)動詞連用,而且主句和從句之間不使用逗號,意為“以便,使能夠”。
eg.They set out early so that they might arrive in time
他們早早地出發(fā)以便按時到達。
Let's take the front seats so that we may see more clearly.
我們坐在前排吧,以便可以看得更清楚。
(3)set off 意為“出發(fā),開始;引爆;襯托”。例如:
They'll set off on a journey around the world.
他們將要出發(fā)環(huán)球旅行。
Use blue eye-shadow to set off your green eyes.
用藍色眼影襯托你的綠眼睛。
與set有關的其他詞組:
<1>set about sth.“開始,著手”。例如:
I must set about my packing.
我必須開始收拾行裝了。
<2>set sb.a(chǎn)gainst sb.“使某人和某人競爭、對抗”。例如:
Set yourself against her.
跟她競爭。
<3>set in”開始”。例如:
The rainy season has set in.
雨季已開始了。
<4>set out”出發(fā),啟程”。set sth out”展示,陳列”。例如:
They set out at dawn.
他們在拂曉出發(fā)。
He sets out his ideas clearly in his essay.
他在這篇文章中明確地列出了他的觀點。
<5>set up”建立,設立”。例如:
The memorial will be set up.
紀念碑要建成了。
12.…because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti.
……因為生產(chǎn)意大利面條的農(nóng)民停止了生產(chǎn)。
辨析:stop doing 與stop to do
stop doing 指的是“停止做”,即不做了;而stop to do 則是指“停下來去做”,即停下來的目的是去做,也就是開始做。例如:
Stop talking, let's begin our class.
不要講話了,我們開始上課。
You are too fat and you must stop eating too much.
你太胖了,你不能吃那么多了。
Please stop to listen to me
請停下來聽我說。
The mother stopped to look after her baby.
那位母親停下來去照顧她的小寶寶。
13.She was thrilled, because she really wanted to get married.
她震驚了,因為她的確想結婚。
(1)thrill為動詞“震顫,使激動”,多用于被動語態(tài)be thrilled,表示“很感動,受到震顫的”。例如:
We were thrilled with joy.
我們高興極了。
She thrilled at the good news.
她聽到那個好消息很興奮。
(2)want在此為動詞“想,想要”,其后可跟名詞、代詞或動詞不定式to do。例如:
Do you want an ice-cream?
你想要個冰激凌嗎?
I want some bread and milk.
我想要些面包和牛奶。
Tom wants to learn to play Chinese chess.
湯姆想學下中國象棋。
Does Lucy wants to learn to dance?
露茜想學跳舞嗎?
(3)marry為動詞“嫁,娶,結婚”。表示“嫁給某人”或“娶了某人”都可以用marry sb。
另外,詞組get married 意為“結婚”,但這是一個非延續(xù)性動詞,即它不能跟表示一段時間的詞連用。be married 也可以用來表示“結婚”,它是一個延續(xù)性詞組,可以與表示一段時間的詞連用。例如:
John is going to marry Jane
約翰要和簡結婚了。
Henry didn't marry until he was over fifty.
亨利直到過了50歲才結婚。
When are you going to get married?
你準備什么時候結婚?
We have been married for ten years.
我們已經(jīng)結婚十年了。
His uncle will get married next month.
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