本篇報道和其他近期研究都顯示普遍而言，網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程、遠(yuǎn)程教育和自學(xué)比起傳統(tǒng)高中、大學(xué)和成人教育模式等，不僅更加方便、而且效率更高。在過去的十年當(dāng)中，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、mp3隨身聽、iPhone、其他便攜式設(shè)備以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)、網(wǎng)上教育課程、高校網(wǎng)絡(luò)教程等等都改變了我們學(xué)習(xí)知識的方式。高等教育的圍墻、大筆的學(xué)費(fèi)都在我們眼前崩塌。
For those who are conditioned to think that learning only happens in a classroom, the world of self-learning can be a little daunting. How do we best take advantage these new opportunities.
對于那些認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)只能在教室中進(jìn)行的人而言，自學(xué)可能會嚇怕他們。那么我們怎么才能最好的利用自學(xué)這種新興的學(xué)習(xí)方法呢？下面以自學(xué)外語為例，為大家介紹一些小訣竅。
1. Get interested
第一步：對所學(xué)之物感興趣
Make no mistake. Your interest in the subject is the essential driver of success. You can't learn what you do not want to learn. Emotion is an important part of the learning process. If you are even moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a chance. The key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurable routines, you may find that the subject grows on you. “L’appetit vient en mangeant” (the appetite comes with eating) as they say in French.
可別搞錯了，興趣是成功學(xué)成某件事的根本要素！你不想學(xué)的東西當(dāng)然學(xué)不會。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中保持熱情至關(guān)重要。所以如果你對某件事有些興趣，那就給自己一個學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會。關(guān)鍵是要“開始”�。【帲壕拖衲硰V告說的那樣，just do it!）如果你能創(chuàng)造一些讓自己開心的學(xué)習(xí)模式，那么就能好好開始學(xué)習(xí)這門科目。就像他們在法語里說的那樣：吃著吃著就有胃口了！
2. Expect problems and you won’t be disappointed.
第二布：降低期望值，這樣就不會對自己失望
Don't expect to understand things, much less remember them, the first time you study them. Trust that things will get clearer as your brain comes to grips with new information. It is like a jig-saw puzzle or a cross-word puzzle. As you start to put the pieces together, or string the words together, the full picture becomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but on its own schedule. Learning does not take place according to a schedule laid down by a curriculum or teacher. Some things are easier to learn than others. Some things just take longer to click in. Keep at it, and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult at first, will become second nature with time.
當(dāng)一開始學(xué)習(xí)的時候，別指望能一下就全部理解、更別說記住所有知識點(diǎn)了。要相信，隨著你了解越來越多的新知識、你的頭腦也會變得清晰起來。這就像是拼圖、或者填字游戲那樣：當(dāng)你把圖形一個一個拼起來、或是把單詞一一填進(jìn)去，整個大局就會清楚。大腦其實隨時都在學(xué)習(xí)，不過它也有自己的節(jié)奏。學(xué)習(xí)的過程是不會按照一個課程、或是老師給你規(guī)定的進(jìn)行的。有的東西比其他好學(xué)，有的東西就是需要花更多時間。堅持下去，你慢慢就會發(fā)現(xiàn)那些一開始看上去很難的東西也會隨著時間變得簡單了。
3. Cover the same ground from different angles.
第三步：從不同的角度學(xué)習(xí)同一個知識點(diǎn)。
Your brain is struggling to form patterns to cope with new input from your learning activities. Sometimes, no matter how long you focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up. If you are stuck, move on. Then cover the same general information from a different source, a different book, or a podcast, or an online lecture or a video. Try to become a grazing learner, roaming the countryside, rather than a feedlot learner, just standing there in one spot, munching on the same bale of hay. The broader your base, the easier it is to learn. Just as the “rich get richer”, the more you know, the more you can learn.
在新知識的學(xué)習(xí)過程中，你的大腦會通過固有模式來接受新的知識點(diǎn)。有的時候，不管花多長時間對著一個科目，你就是記不住它。如果卡在這種時候，就略過它。跟著從其他的信息來源：比如不同的書籍、播客、線上課程或視頻來重新學(xué)習(xí)同一個知識點(diǎn)。試著把自己變成一個“放養(yǎng)”的學(xué)習(xí)者——在知識的草原上四處周游；而不是“圈養(yǎng)”的學(xué)習(xí)者——只站在一個點(diǎn)上學(xué)習(xí)，反復(fù)咀嚼一個知識點(diǎn)�？吹卦綇V、就能學(xué)的輕松。就像是“有錢的更有錢”的道理那樣，你知道的越多、就能學(xué)的越多。
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