過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)是初二和初三同學(xué)本次期末考試必考語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容，一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)它吧！一. 定義過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作。二. 結(jié)構(gòu)was/were +doing (現(xiàn)在分詞）三. 用法1. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者事情。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨�。What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell and hurt himself while he was riding his bicycle.我哥哥騎自行車(chē)的時(shí)候從車(chē)上摔下來(lái)，受傷了。It was raining when they left the station.他們離開(kāi)車(chē)站的時(shí)候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，陽(yáng)光燦爛。2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞或從句來(lái)表示。例如：What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么？ (介詞短語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))She was doing her homework then.那個(gè)時(shí)候她正在寫(xiě)作業(yè)。（副詞表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）When I saw him he was decorating his room.當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：When he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車(chē)邊看報(bào)。 (兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車(chē)時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)【典型例題】1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.A. madeB. is makingC. was makingD. makes答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。同時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，“瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當(dāng)……之時(shí)"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過(guò)去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。四. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)敘述舊事，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述背景。2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表某一行為的“片斷”。I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個(gè)“讀”)I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)3. 過(guò)去的一段持續(xù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)多與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動(dòng)詞，故也可使用)He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動(dòng)詞與持續(xù)時(shí)間連用，表反復(fù)，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過(guò)去時(shí))五. 英語(yǔ)中有四類(lèi)動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）1. 表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞奇速英語(yǔ)課程如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用進(jìn)行時(shí)則詞意改變。I’m forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )2. 表存在、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等。3. 表感官的動(dòng)詞如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等。4. 表非延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。
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